Weld Symbols (AWS A2.4) Practice Questions

Explanation: The dimension to the left of the weld symbol specifies the size of the weld (leg size for fillets, depth of preparation/size for grooves).

Explanation: The tail is used to specify the welding process (e.g., GMAW), procedure reference, or other supplementary information. It may be omitted if not needed.

Explanation: The 'Weld-All-Around' symbol is a circle at the junction of the reference line and arrow.

Explanation: For groove welds, dimensions in parentheses indicate the Effective Weld Size (E), while dimensions outside parentheses indicate the Depth of Bevel (S).

Explanation: The dimension to the right of the symbol is Length-Pitch. So '2' is the length of each segment, and '4' is the pitch (center-to-center distance).

Explanation: A broken arrow points specifically to the member that requires preparation (e.g., the member to be beveled in a bevel-groove weld).

Explanation: A straight line contour symbol indicates the weld face must be finished flush or flat.

Explanation: The backing symbol (a rectangle) is placed across the reference line from the groove weld symbol.

Explanation: Multiple reference lines indicate the sequence of operations. The line closest to the arrow is performed first.

Explanation: If the fillet symbols are offset (not directly opposite each other), it indicates staggered intermittent welding.

Explanation: The dimension placed inside the V of the groove symbol indicates the groove angle (e.g., 60°).

Explanation: NDT symbols follow the same Arrow Side/Other Side rules. 'RT' below the line means test the arrow side.

Explanation: The melt-through symbol (solid semi-circle) indicates that 100% joint penetration is required with reinforcement on the root side.

Explanation: The symbol for a back or backing weld is an open semi-circle placed on the side opposite the groove weld symbol.

Explanation: If the length dimension is omitted, the weld is continuous for the full length of the joint (between abrupt changes in direction).

Explanation: The vertical (perpendicular) leg of the fillet weld triangle symbol is always drawn to the left side.

Explanation: Unequal leg fillets are designated by showing both sizes (e.g., 1/4 x 1/2) to the left of the symbol, and the drawing must clarify which leg applies to which member.

Explanation: The letter 'C' indicates the method of finishing is Chipping. ('G' = Grinding, 'M' = Machining).

Explanation: The root opening dimension is placed at the root (bottom) of the groove weld symbol.

Explanation: A flare-bevel groove is formed when a curved surface (like a round bar or corner of rectangular tubing) is welded to a flat surface.

Explanation: For spot welds, the dimension to the left indicates either the size (diameter) of the weld nugget OR the minimum shear strength per spot.

Explanation: Specifications such as electrode type, process, or procedure references are placed in the tail of the welding symbol.

Explanation: The Double Bevel Groove symbol looks like a K. (A vertical line with an arrow-side bevel and an other-side bevel).

Explanation: Some symbols (like resistance spot or seam welds) can be centered on the line to indicate there is no side significance (e.g., the weld is between the faying surfaces).

Explanation: Like V and J grooves, the U groove symbol opens away from the reference line.

Explanation: The scarf symbol is a single diagonal line placed on the side of the reference line (similar to bevel but usually for brazing angled joints).

Explanation: Pitch is defined as the center-to-center spacing of intermittent weld segments.

Explanation: A spacer (used in double groove welds) is represented by a rectangle centered on the reference line.

Explanation: The stud weld symbol is a circle containing a cross (X), placed on the arrow side.

Explanation: The number outside the parentheses is the Depth of Bevel (S). The number inside is the Weld Size (E). Here, S = 1/4 inch.

Explanation: Consumable inserts are represented by a square placed on the side of the reference line opposite the groove weld symbol (similar location to backing).

Explanation: For Bevel and J-groove welds, the arrow breaks toward the specific member that is to be chamfered or beveled.

Explanation: For plug and slot welds, the number of welds required is shown in parentheses below (or above) the weld symbol.

Explanation: The included angle of countersink is placed either above (for other side) or below (for arrow side) the plug weld symbol.

Explanation: The seam weld symbol is a circle traversed by two horizontal lines (looks like a wheel on a line).

Explanation: CJP stands for Complete Joint Penetration, meaning the weld metal extends through the full thickness of the joint.

Explanation: Surfacing weld symbols are always placed on the arrow side (below the reference line) because the arrow points to the surface to be built up.

Explanation: The Edge Weld symbol (a square with lines inside) indicates fusion of the full thickness of the edges (e.g., sheet metal edge joints).

Explanation: Welding symbols apply to the joint as the arrow points. If direction changes abruptly (like around a corner), a new symbol/arrow is typically required, or a 'continuous' note/symbol is used.